It was the first attack on a human by a bear since the animals were reintroduced to the Pyrenees, which straddle the Spanish-French border, from Slovenia in 1996.
The administrative assembly in the region of Aran Tuesday unanimously adopted a motion calling on the relevant authorities to remove the animals and stop the reintroduction programme, Spain's Europa Press news agency said.
Local authorities have also launched an operation to capture the animal involved, which they believe is a bear called Hvala that was released into the French Pyrenees in 2006.
Environmental associations voiced outrage at the decision, with some saying that Hvala may have been aggressive because she was pregnant, and that capturing her would affect her health.
There are believed to be around 20 brown bears surviving in the Pyrenees, eight of which are in the Aran region.
Meanwhile, in the Leon region of northwestern Spain, a bear was killed by a truck on a motorway early Tuesday in the first ever such accident in the country, Spanish authorities said.
There are believed to be around 100 to 150 bears in the Leon region.